Photo of the day - October 18

Frost forms when water vapour freezes into ice crystals on cold surfaces.

Hoar frost occurs when water vapour touches a very cold surface and freezes on it instantly. This can happen to the leaves and branches of plants, and will cover them with ice crystals that look like spiky fingers.

Rime is ice formed when a damp, icy wind blows over flowers, branches and other surfaces. Rime frost looks like icing around the edge of petals and leaves, and only occurs when the temperatures are very low.

In particularly cold weather, fern frost may appear on windows. This happens when tiny water droplets (dew) first form on the cold glass. These then turn into ice and more moisture freezes on top. As this process continues, more ice crystals are formed and the frost develops into what looks like feathery fingers.

Fern frost can create beautiful patterns of ice crystals, which often look leaf or fern like – hence the name.

Frost is white because the crystals contain air.
Photo Courtesy Fronty Parker